The attitudes characterizing humans and giants in two folktales from central Sulawesi

Simon Arsa Manggala (1)
(1) Universitas Sanata Dharma, Indonesia

Abstract

This paper aims at providing a critical alternative framework for reading folktales from Indonesia from linguistic viewpoints. The choice of linguistic items in tales is significant to investigate since folktales serve as a tool to teach values to children, and they share similar patterns. By utilizing the appraisal analysis, this research attempts to discuss the characterization of humans and giants in the English version of two folktales from Central Sulawesi, a province in Indonesia. The folktales are entitled Kolombio bo Ngana Pailu (The Giant and the Orphan) (Lasipi, 1999) and Topeande (The Man-eating Giant) (Kareba, 1999). By examining the use of affect, judgement, and appreciation, this research figures out that negative attitudes dominantly characterize both human and giant characters. Out of 89 linguistic items in the data, human characters are characterized by 43 negative attitudes, while giant characters are characterized by 20 negative attitudes. Interestingly, by the positive attitudes, the human characters are predominantly depicted as superior in their cognitive abilities and skills. It provides the depiction of the way the two folktales present the human and giant characters. Meanwhile, giants are more dominant than humans in terms of their physical power and strength. This research also suggests that linguistic analysis can support storytelling activities by providing in-depth, objective discussions on the tales.

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Abe, M. (2020). Interactional Practices for Online Collaborative Writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 49, 1-13.

Aleksandrovna, S. N., Gilmutdinovna, M. R., Alesksandrovna, P. V., & Viktorovna, S. E. (2020). Russian and Tatar Fairy-Tales as a Means of Language Learning. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 11, 276-285.

Alexeyeff, K. (2020). Cinderella of the South Seas? Virtuous Victims, Empowerment and Other Fables of Development Feminism. Women's Studies International Forum, 80, 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2020.102368

Alkahtani, M. B. (2020). Failing to Prevail: A Discourse Analysis of Attitude in Mubarak's Speeches during the Arab Spring. ASIATIC, 14(1), 123-137.

Andersen, T. D. (Ed.). (1999). Cerita Rakyat Sulawesi Tengah. Kanisius.

Arigusman, A. (2018). An Analysis of Student's Narrative Text Writing: An SFL Approach. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 4(2), 93-100.

Azmi, S. N., Hassan, H., & Fakhruddi, W. F. (2019). The Narrative Structure and Ideational Meaning of Malay Short Stories. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 5(5C), 1180-1183.

Barry, P. (2009). Beginning Theory An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. Palgrave Macmillan.

Barton, D., & Hamilton, M. (2012). Local Literacies. Routledge.

Bassano, C., Barile, S., Piciocchi, P., Spohrer, J. C., Iandolo, F., & Fisk, R. (2019). Storytelling about places: Tourism marketing in the digital age. Cities, 10-20. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2018.12.025

Berezkin, Y., & Duvakin, E. (2016). Buried in a Head: African and Asian Parallels to Aesop's Fable. Folklore, 127(1), 91-102. doi:10.1080/0015587X.2015.1111561

Black, E. (2006). Pragmatic Stylistics . Edinburgh University Press.

Bolton, L. (2002). The Everything Classical Mythology Book. Adams Media Corporation.

Bottigheimer, R. B. (2009). Fairy Tales a New History. University of New York Press.

Cai, M. (1993). Folks, Friends, and Foes: Relationships between Humans and Animals in Some Eastern and Western Folktales. Children's Literature in Education, 24(2), 73-83.

Caldwell, D. (2013). The Interpersonal Voice: Applying Appraisal to the Rap and Sung Voice. Social Semiotics, 24(1), 40-55. doi:10.1080/10350330.2013.827357

Carter, R. (2004). Language and Creativity the Art of Common Talk. Routledge.

Carter, R., & Simpson, P. (Eds.). (2005). Language, Discourse and Literature. Taylor & Francis e-Library.

Cheung, J. O., & Feng, D. (2019). Attitudinal Meaning and Social Struggle in Heavy Metal Song Lyrics: a Corpus-based Analysis. Social Semiotics, 1-8. doi:10.1080/10350330.2019.1601337

Chrsitian, B., & Bloome, D. (2004). Learning to Read is Who You Are. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 365-384. doi:10.1080/10573560490489847

Correa, D., & Dominguez, C. (2014). Using SFL as a Tool for Analyzing Students' Narratives. HOW, A Colombian Journal for Teachers of English, 21(2), 112-113.

Crowley, D. J. (1954). Form and Style in Bahamian Folktale. Caribbean Quarterly, 3(4), 218 - 234. doi:10.1080/00086495.1954.11829536

DiCicco, M., & Taylor-Greathouse, P. (2014). Moral of the Story: Young Adult Authors Speak on Morality, Obligation, and Age Appropriateness. The English Journal, 103(5), 75-80.

Efransyah. (2018). Analyzing Thematic Structure in Indonesian Folktales in English Version: A systemic Functional Grammar (SFG). Professional Journal of English Education, 1(2), 85-94.

Gibson, T. (2013). The Hero Legend in Colonial Southeast Asia. Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints, 61(4), 437-476. doi:10.1353/phs.2013.0018

Gottschall, J. (2012). The Storytelling Animal. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.

Haase, D. (Ed.). (2008). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales. Greenwood Press.

Halliday, M. A., & Matthiessen, C. M. (2014). Halliday's Introduction to Functional Grammar. Routledge.

Hourihan, M. (1997). Deconstructing the Hero: Literary Theory and Children's Literature. Routledge.

Ironside, R., & Massie, S. (2020). The Folklore-centric gaze: a Relational Approach to Landscape, Folklore and Tourism. Time and Mind, 13(3), 227-244. doi:10.1080/1751696X.2020.1809862

Jirata, T. J. (2011). Children as Interpreters of Culture: Producing Meanings from Folktales in Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Folklore Research, 48(3), 269-292. doi:10.2979/jfolkrese.48.3.269

Jirata, T. J., & Simonsen, J. K. (2014). The Roles of Oromo-Speaking Children in the Storytelling Tradition in Ethiopia. Research in African Literatures, 45(2), 135 - 149. doi:10.2979/reseafrilite.45.2.135

Johnston, R. R. (2002). Childhood: A Narrative Chronotope. In R. D. Sell (Ed.), Children's Literature as Communication (pp. 137-158). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Kareba, C. (1999). Topeande. In T. D. Andersen (Ed.), Cerita Rakyat Sulawesi Tengah (pp. 95-109). Kanisius.

Kim, S. J., Song, A., Lee, G.-L., & Bach, A. (2018). Using Animated Folktales to Teach Cultural Values: A Case Study with Korean-American Bilingual Kindergartners. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 32(3), 295-309. doi:10.1080/02568543.2018.1464528

Lahlou, K. (2017). An Attempt at Applying Vladimir Propp's Morphology of the Folktale on Charles Dickens's Great Expectations. Arab World English Journal for Translation & Literary Studies, 1(3), 106-120.

Lasipi, T. (1999). Kolombio Bo Ngana Pailu. In T. D. Andersen (Ed.), Cerita Rakyat Sulawesi Tengah (pp. 16-25). Kanisius.

Lewin, D. (2020). Between Horror and Boredom: Fairy Tales and Moral Education. Ethics and Education, 213-231. doi:10.1080/17449642.2020.1731107

Lwin, S. M., & Marlina, R. (2018). Using Folktales as a way to operationalise the Paradigm of Teaching English as an International Language. Asian Englishes, 20(3), 206-219. doi:10.1080/13488678.2018.1440279

Magos, K. (2018). "The Neighbor's Folktales": Developing Intercultural Competence through Folktales and Stories. Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature, 56(2), 28-34. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2018.0023

Martin, J. R. (2016). Meaning Matters: a Short History of Systemic Functional Linguistics. WORD, 62(1), 35-58. doi:10.1080/00437956.2016.1141939

Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2007). Working with Discourse. Continuum.

Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. (2005). The Language of Evaluation. Palgrave.

Mason, V. (2001). Balinese Children's Favorite Stories. Periplus Edition Limited .

Meyer, H. (2008). The 'Empowerment' of Students: a Contribution from Systemic Functional Grammar. English in Education, 42(2), 165 - 181. doi:10.1111/j.1754-8845.2008.00014.x

Mphasha, L. E. (2015). Folktales Reveal the Cultural Values of the Community: A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) Analysis. The Anthropologist, 19(1), 295-302. doi:10.1080/09720073.2015.11891663

Nenadić, F., Vejnović, D., & Marković, S. (2019). Subjective Experience of Poetry: Latent Structure and Differences. Poetics, 100-113.

Nnyagu, U., & Umezinwa, R. N. (2018). Folktale as a Tool for Character Development. African Research Review, 12(3), 92-98.

Nodelman, P. (2008). The Hidden Adult. John Hopkin University Press.

O'Sullivan, E. (2005). Comparative Children's Literature. Routledge.

Phuoc, T. M. (Ed.). (2015). Vietnamese Children's Favorite Stories. Tuttle Publishing.

Propp, V. (1984). Theory and History of Folklore. (L. Anatoly, Ed.). University of Mennesota Press.

Reider, N. (2019). Yamauba and Oni-Women. Asian Ethnology, 78(2), 403-428.

Shepard-Carey, L. (2020). Making Sense of Comprehension Practices and Pedagogies in Multimodal Ways: A Second-grade emergent bilingual's sense making during Small-group Reading. Linguistics and Education, 55, 1-13. doi:10.1016/j.linged.2019.100777

Simpson, P. (1993). Language, Ideology, and Point of View. Routledge .

Simpson, P. (2004). Stylistics. Routledge.

Small, J. (2019). Doing Theatre: Theater Pedagogy through the Folktale. Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry, 11(3), 80-91.

Sone, E. M. (2018). The Folktale and Social Values in Traditional Africa. Eastern African Literary and Cultural Studies, 4(2), 142-159. doi:10.1080/23277408.2018.1485314

Stephens, J. (1996). Linguistics and Stylistics. In P. Hunt, & S. Ray (Eds.), International Companion Encyclopedia of Children's Literature (p. 67). Routledge.

Sukmawan, S., & Setyowati, L. (2017). Environmental Messages as Found in Indonesian Folklore and Its Relation to Foreign Language Classroom. Arab World English Journal, 8(1), 298-308. doi:10.24093/awej/vol8no1.21

Tajvidi, G.-R., & Arjani, S. H. (2017). Appraisal Theory in Translation Studies: An Introduction and Review of Studies of Evaluation in Translation. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 8(2), 3-30.

Tatar, M. (Ed.). (1999). The Classic Fairy Tales. W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.

Thompson, S. (2004). The Child, The Family, The Relationship. Familiar Stories: Family, Storytelling, and Ideology in Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials. In K. Lesnik-Oberstein (Ed.), Children's Literature New Approach (pp. 144-167). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Thornborrow, J., & Wareing, S. (1998). Patterns in Language An Introduction to Language and Literary Style. Routledge.

Tuliakova, N. (2020). Literary Legend in Early Nineteenth-Century Russian Literature: Genre Labeling and Genre Formation. Russian Literature, 111-112, 35-59. doi:10.1016/j.ruslit.2020.03.002

Verdonk, P. (2002). Stylistics. Oxford University Press.

Wedin, A. (2020). Negotiating Identities through Multilingual Writing: Local School Policy that Opens up Spaces for Students' Diverse Languages. Linguistics and Education, 55, 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.linged.2019.100775

White, D. R. (1998). A Century of Welsh Myth in Children Literature. Greenwood Press.

Zipes, J. (2000). The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales. Oxford University Press.

Zipes, J. (2006a). Fairy Tales and the Art of Subversion. Routledge.

Zipes, J. (2006b). Why Fairy Tales Stick the Evolution and Relevance of a Genre. Routledge.

Authors

Simon Arsa Manggala
simonarsa@usd.ac.id (Primary Contact)
Manggala, S. A. . (2023). The attitudes characterizing humans and giants in two folktales from central Sulawesi. Journal of Applied Studies in Language, 7(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.31940/jasl.v7i1.35-45 (Original work published June 26, 2023)

Article Details

No Related Submission Found