Tensile Strength Analysis of AISI 1045 Steel Results of Smaw Welding Using Variations of Preheat and Cooling Media

Abstract

In the welding process, there are many factors that need to be considered, including heat input, cooling rate, the material being welded, and the use of added materials, if these factors are not considered, they can cause cracks in the American Iron & Steel Institute (AISI) 1045 material. to determine the effect of preheat variations on tensile strength, the effect of cooling media on tensile strength, and to determine the interaction of preheat variations and cooling media on tensile strength. This research method used experimentally by varying the preheat temperature 250⁰C, 325⁰C, 400⁰C, and the cooling medium was lime, sand, and normal air, then tensile test was carried out. The results showed that the cooling medium affected the tensile strength with the highest tensile strength of 64.35 kg/mm² on the sand cooling medium, while the preheat variation had no effect on the tensile strength as shown by a graph close to the horizontal straight at the tensile strength ranging from 60 kg/mm², interaction between preheat and cooling medium has no effect on tensile strength. This is indicated by the tensile strength values ​​that are almost close to each preheat point, namely at a temperature of 250⁰C between 53-67 kg/mm², at 325⁰C between 56-60 kg/mm², and a temperature of 400⁰C between 51-64 kg/mm². In this study it can be concluded that a good cooling medium uses sand media with a preheat temperature of 250⁰C.